Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research

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17Genome CenterRealizing individualized cancer treatment through patient genomes sequencingResearch ProjectsA dominant characteristic of cancer is heterogeneity. For effective diagnostics and therapeutics, it is critical to develop methods to address the complexity of cancer so as to categorize cancers into homogeneous subgroups, representing a common mechanism of the disease. Recent research has developed genome-wide approaches based on gene expression analysis, SNPs analysis, or sequencing technology. We develop methodologies to utilize these systematic and comprehensive genomic technologies toward realization of personalized medicine as well as toward understanding molecular mechanisms in metastasis, relapse, and drug resistance of intractable cancers.　The Genome Center of JFCR was installed in 2001 with the aim of advancing translational research to establish personalized cancer medicine, in close cooperation with the Cancer Chemotherapy Center and the Cancer Institute Hospital. From 2001 to 2006 the project for genome diversity operated and was involved in development of diagnostic methodologies to predict individual patient responses to conventional cytotoxic chemotherapeutics. The Genome Center subsequently commenced a project for achievement of personalized cancer medicine in 2003, a project for generation of therapeutic antibodies with novel function in 2006, and then recently a project for development of next-generation cancer medicine in 2011. At present these three on-going projects are actively producing substantial genomic data with links to clinical information. Since 2006, we have been engaged in a project of new functional antibody technology. To identify new target molecules for antibody therapy, we established a screening system from a gene-expression database. Furthermore, the analytical programs have been developed to search candidates of cancer specic splice forms or novel chromosomal translocations in exon array data. We have been updating the integrated cancer databases for these advanced gene expression proling data. To assess the specicity and sensitivity of newly generated antibodies, we developed an evaluation system using originally established cancer tissue array including various normal tissues.The project involves research to develop novel diagnostics and therapeutics to treat intractable cancer patients with metastasis, relapse, and chemotherapy-resistance, based on molecular profiling of genomic information. Taking advantage of being able to rely on next-generation sequencing technology, we sequence whole genome/exome/RNA derived from a cancer sample. The resultant genomic information is analyzed with bioinformatics and biostatistics, and then linked with clinical information so as to identify novel biomarkers and molecular targets toward personalized medicine for intractable cancers.The project is aimed at realization of medical care that make possible prevention, diagnosis, and treatment personalized to individuals based on genetic information. In collaboration with the Cancer Institute Hospital, the Genome Center has collected about 3,700 samples from patients with 13 kinds of cancers and stores those samples at Biobank Japan. Using these samples and clinical information helps to build the base for realization of personalized medicine which claries relations, such as SNPs (single nucleotide polymorphisms) and effects or side effects of drugs, or investigates the relation with illness based on SNP analysis. ●Generation of therapeutic antibodies with novel functionIntegrative genomics to generate functional antibodies to treat intractable cancers �? Development of next-generation cancer medicineDevelopment of novel therapeutics for intractable cancers through identication of molecular targets by genomic proling ●Realization of personalized cancer medicineAssessment of individuality in cancer medicine based on genomic information

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